Dokra art, also known as Dhokra, is an ancient form of metal casting that originated in the tribal regions of India. This traditional craft is renowned for its unique, rustic charm and intricate designs. This craft is practiced by skilled artisans belonging to various tribal communities across states such as West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh. Dokra art encompasses a wide range of themes and motifs, drawing inspiration from nature, mythology, and tribal life. Common motifs include animals like elephants, horses, and birds, as well as human figures depicting deities, dancers, and everyday activities.
History and Legend
The history of Dokra art can be traced back to the Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa civilizations. According to legend, the craft of Dokra was gifted to the tribes by divine beings, who imparted the knowledge of metal casting techniques to the artisans. Over the centuries, Dokra art has been passed down from generation to generation, preserving its authenticity and cultural significance.
Technique and Tradition
Dokra art is characterized by its unique method of metal casting, which involves using the lost wax technique. Artisans begin by creating a clay model, which is then coated with layers of beeswax and resin. Intricate patterns and details are meticulously handcrafted onto the wax surface. Next, the clay mold is prepared by covering the wax model with a mixture of clay, rice husks, and other organic materials. Once the mold is dried, it is heated in a furnace, causing the wax to melt and flow out (hence the term "lost wax"). Molten metal, typically brass or bronze, is then poured into the cavity left by the melted wax. After cooling, the mold is broken to reveal the solid metal sculpture, which is then polished and finished by the artisans.
